中文摘要：

以生态位理论为基础，提出了耕地生态元和耕地生态位的概念，然后从耕地数量生态位和效益生态位耦合关系入手，构建了效益生态位驱动力系统和效益生态位驱动力测度模型，并分别从城乡结合部、农林交错区和整理复垦开发区等局部空间具体分析了效益生态位驱动力系统的作用机制和作用过程。同时指出，耕地与其它土地利用类型生态元在利用过程中具有主导效益效应，即耕地与其它土地利用类型生态元主导效益生态位的大小及生态位差对耕地数量生态位的扩充、压缩及扩充压缩的方向起着决定性作用。最后，运用所构建的耕地效益生态位测度模型和作用机制，对焦作中心城市和六县（市）城乡结合部1997年～2006年耕地数量变化的效益生态位驱动力变化及驱动机制进行了总体分析。分析结果显示：耕地与建设用地主导效益（经济效益）生态住存在较大的不均衡性、分异性，这是耕地数量减少和空间变化差异性的重要原因。总之，文章将耕地数量变化与其驱动机制研究纳入到一个体系当中，即耕地数量生态位变化规律、动态特征是其效益生态位变化和空间分异性的直接反映和外在表现，从而为该方面的研究提供了新的理论和方法。

英文摘要：

Study of the driving component of research on land mechanisms of changes in quantity of cultivated land is an essential use and land cover change. This paper first presents the concepts of cultivated land eco-unit and cultivated land niche based on niche theory. We constructed a comprehensive benefit niche driving forces system and mathematical models according to the coupling relationship between the quantity niche and benefit niche of cultivated land. Comprehensive benefit niche driving system is a kind of overall driving force which results from the disequilibrium of comprehensive benefit niche between cultivated land and other kinds of land. The difference in benefit niche between two kinds of land eco-unit can show the magnitude of driving forces. Cultivated land quantity niche will be reduced when cultivated land comprehensive benefit niche is less than other kinds of land, and cultivated land quantity niche will expand when its benefit niche is greater than other kinds of land. In addition, there are dominant benefit effects during the land use process. Because dominant benefit is the main objective, it influences the expansion or reduction of the cultivated land quantity niche. We also analyze the mechanism and function of the benefit niche driving forces system for a rural-urban area, agro-forest area and renovation- reclamation-exploitation area. Taking the rural-urban area of Jiaozuo and six counties as a study area, we measure the dominant benefit niche of cultivated land and building-land and the difference between them. The results are as follows：First, there is a disequilibrium state between cultivated land dominant benefit niche and building-land dominant benefit niche in the study area. So, maintaining the equilibrium of comprehensive benefit niche between cultivated land and building-land by improving the social benefit and building-land are similar throughout the study area. The dominant benefit niche of cultivated land declined steadily from 1997 to 2006. It decreased from 0.038 to 0.029 in