主体功能分区实际上就是针对我国国土开发适宜性评价而进行的空间区域划分,主体功能区划中的限制开发区采取差异化农地保护政策,限制了不符合区域内主体功能要求的土地开发,这必然导致区内可实现的农地产权价值减少,需要给予产权人土地价值补偿。本文提出了限制开发区农地发展权补偿的概念,尝试以资产定价理论(CAPM)为基础采用条件价值评估法(CVM)构建了限制开发区农地发展权补偿标准模型,并以宜昌、仙桃等地部分地区为研究区域对补偿标准进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:①农地发展权价值是农地价值的重要组成部分,不仅是城郊而且整个区域农地发展权价值总额都可能大于区内农地农业用途总价值。研究区域内农地发展权总价值为1526亿元,约占农地总价值(1927亿元)的79.21%,远大于农地农业用途总价值(400.6亿元);②限制开发区对区域内农地总价值实现所产生的限制主要实施在农地发展权价值上,补偿标准在数值上等于受管制的农地发展权市场价值。发展区内农地发展权价值补偿额为317.3亿元,分别占区内农地发展权总价值以及农地总价值的20.79%及16.47%;③受调查农户对水田的平均支付意愿(约112万元/hm^2)要高于对旱田的平均支付意愿(约100.2万元/hm^2);④调查区域内每公顷农地发展权价值(约82.73万元)是每公顷农地经济产出价值(约21.72万元)的4倍左右,但其在现行资源价值核算体系中却常常被忽略,易造成限制发展区农户福利的大量损失。⑤同一功能区内农地发展受限程度的一致性可从农地价值内涵中寻找逻辑。同一行政区内农地发展权价值补偿可能不一样,同一主体功能区内不同行政区的农地发展权价值补偿可能一样。
Main Functional zoning is referred to the spatial domain considering the evaluation of developmental suitability in China. A series of policies regarding farmland protection have been adopted in restricted development zones. This will regulate the intensity of land development which would not meet main functional requirements and decrease farmland value over these zones. Then, landowners in restricted development zones should be compensated due to land value losses because of land use regulation. The paper presents a concept of compensation for farmland development rights in restricted development zones and the contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to construct a compensation model for agricultural land development rights based on the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) theory for some areas in Yichang and Xiantao cities, Hubei Province. Results indicated that first the value of development rights is a critical component of the total value of farmland. The value of development rights is larger than the conventional farmland production value, no matter in suburbs or over the whole areas. The total value of farmland development rights over the study area was estimated to be roughly 152.6×109 yuan RMB, which accounted for almost 79.21% of the total value of farmland of about 192.7×10^9 yuan RMB, much larger than the conventional farmland production value of 40.06×10^9 yuan RMB. Second, the limitations in the total value of farmland over restricted development zones are mainly referred to the restrictions on the value of development rights, and the value compensation standard is equal to the value of the regulated market value of agricultural land development rights. The amount of compensation value for farmland development rights in restricted development zones amounted to be 31.73×10^9 yuan RMB, which took up approximately 20.79% of the total value for the farmland development rights and 16.47% of the total value of farmland. Third, the surveys on farmers’ average willingness to pay (WTP) for