中文摘要：

目的：系统评价布拉氏酵母菌散治疗儿童抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）的疗效,以为临床提供循证参考。方法：计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBase、Cochrane对照试验中心数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库,收集布拉氏酵母菌散（试验组）对比常规治疗（对照组）治疗儿童AAD的随机对照试验（RCT）,对符合纳入标准的研究提取资料并进行质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.0统计软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入6项研究,合计746例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者有效率[RR=1.21,95%CI（1.08,1.35）,P=0.001]、治愈率[RR=1.81,95%CI（1.48,2.20）,P〈0.001]、腹泻持续时间[MD=-1.95,95%CI（-2.56,-1.34）,P〈0.001]显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。结论：布拉氏酵母菌散能有效治疗儿童AAD。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE ： To systematically review the efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii powder in the treatment of antibiotic associated diarrhea （AAD） in children, and provide evidence-based reference for clinical medication. METHODS： Retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBase, Cochrane Controlled Trails Database, CBM, CJFD, VIP and Wanfang database, randomized controlled trials （RCT） about Saccharomyces boulardii powder（test group） versus conventional treatment （control group） in the treatment of AAD in children were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 software after quality assessment and data extract. RESULTS： A total of 6 RCTs were included, involving 746 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed effective rate [RR=1.21,95%CI（1.08, 1.35）,P〈0.001], cure rate [RR=1.81,95%CI（1.48,2.20）,P〈0.001] and duration of diarrhea [MD=- 1.95,95%CI（-2.56, -1.34） ,P〈0.001] in test group were significantly better than control group, the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS： Saccharomyces boulardii powder can effectively treat the AAD in children.