中文摘要：

本文以发展迅速并处于世界领先地位的德国铁路行业、美国电力行业、日本电信行业为例，分析世界典型国家自然垄断行业资产管理体制改革历程及主要特点，它们分别是德国以政企分离为核心的政府适度监管模式、美国以建立独立监管机构为依托的政府低度监管模式，以及日本以产权多元化为改革重点的政府主导型管理模式。我国的自然垄断行业管理体制改革应将发达国家优秀的改革经验本土化，加大自然垄断行业新产品、新技术的研发投入。将科技创新作为自然垄断行业发展的推动力，积极探索自然垄断行业政企充分分离、产权多元化的改革途径，完善自然垄断行业法律法规体系从而对自然垄断行业国有资产产权进行清晰划分和有效保护。

英文摘要：

Based on the reform experiences of the railway industry in Germany, the U. S. power industry and the tele- corn industry in Japan, this paper analyses the reform courses and key features of the management system of natural monopoly in- durstries of typical countries in the world, including the model of moderate government regulation in Germany focusing on the sep- aration between government and enterprises, and the modle of low-degreed government regulation in America by establishing the independent regulation institution, and the government-leading management model in Japan taking ownership diversification as its first account. The good reform experiences above should be combined with our national conditions. Most of all, technological in- novation should not be neglected. Hence, the following reform processes are supposed to focusing on increasing research input, deepening the reform of separating enterprises from government and the reform of multi-subject property right, and perfecting law system of natural monopoly industries.