中文摘要：

研究界定了乡土聚落的概念,并以新疆吐鲁番麻扎古村落为例,通过对气候环境特点与乡土聚落营造关系的解析,从村落、院落、建筑单体三个层面,对绿洲乡土聚落在回应气候环境特征方面所具有的营造策略与适应建设模式进行了总结,凝练归纳出＂生土建材＂、＂平屋顶＂、＂高密度＂、＂窄巷道＂、＂深院落＂、＂爬山屋＂、＂过街楼＂、＂高架棚＂、＂花格窗＂、＂内向性院落＂、＂葡萄架庭院＂、＂通风墙＂、＂屋顶窗＂、＂葡萄晾房＂、＂土拱＂、＂转移生活方式＂、＂厚重的围护结构＂、＂半地下室＂等具有普遍性的绿洲聚落营造模式18条.

英文摘要：

This study defines the concept of local settlements,in an arid vernacular settlement research.Based on an analysis of the climatic conditions and its relations with the rural settlements and through the three levels such as village,courtyard and construction unit,the present paper sums up the special types of building strategies as well as construction modes at Turpan＇s Maza Village,Xinjiang.They are tentatively termed as—building materials locally generated,flat roof,high density,narrow lane,deep courtyard,on-slope house,cross-over street house,introverted courtyard,grapevine courtyard,ventilation wall,window in the top of the house,grape-drying room,soil arch,somi-ground basement,etc.in response to the local climatic environment.