中文摘要：

鄂尔多斯高原拥有我国最早发现的水洞沟和萨拉乌苏旧石器遗址，是系统研究东亚现代人演化及动因的重要地区。乌兰木伦遗址位于鄂尔多斯康巴什新区乌兰木伦河岸，发掘出大量石制品、动物化石和炭屑，遗存埋藏的^14C年代在41．4～33．1calkaBP之间，属MIS3阶段中期。花粉和木炭化石记录显示，早期为灌丛．草原，晚期为典型草原植被，气候温凉偏干，较现今相对温暖湿润，胡颓子属和霸王属等小乔木和灌木作为先民使用的薪材。MIS3阶段相对暖湿气候有利于人类的繁衍、扩散和交流，可能是我国北方地区旧石器时代晚期出现大量人类活动的重要原因。

英文摘要：

The Ordos Plateau showed the famous Salawusu and Shuidongou Paleolithic sites discovered firstly in China and is the key area for studying human evolution in eastern Asia. The Wulanmulun site is located at the bank of the Wulamulun River in the Kangbashi New District of Ordos city. Many stone artifacts, mammalian fossils, and charred woods was obtained from the site. The ^14C ages of the remains are 41.4-33.1 cal ka BP corresponding to the MIS 3 period. The evidence from pollen and charcoal fossil indicates that the shrub-steppe appeared in the early period and the typical steppe grew in the late period. The climate is dry and cool but warmer and wetter than today. Shrubs and small trees such as Elaeagus and Zygophyllum are used as fuelwood by ancient people. The relatively warm and humid climate in MIS 3 period was conductive to human reproduction, diffusion and exchange, which is probably an important reason of ＂The upper Paleolithic revolution＂ in North China.