中文摘要：

以牛血清蛋白（BSA）单层分子膜为有机模板,通过氨气扩散促进前驱体溶液中的硫代乙酰胺水解,在气-液界面上制备了取向单一的PbS晶体.并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）,透射电子显微镜（TEM）,X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对其进行了表征.结果表明：利用该方法制备的PbS晶体为均匀分布的四方形颗粒,沿（200）晶面取向生长并呈现单晶结构.分析认为形成这种结构的主要原因是BSA分子与Pb2＋之间的静电相互作用和空间几何结构的匹配.本实验为制备具有特殊结构的无机晶体材料提供了一种可能的途径.

英文摘要：

Using a BSA monolayer as organic template,single oriented PbS crystals were prepared at the gas-liquid interface in the presence of kinetically controlled ammonia diffusion to promote hydrolysis of thiacetamide in the precursor solution.The crystals were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope（SEM）,transmission electron microscope（TEM）,X-ray diffraction（XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope（XPS）,respectively.The results show that the crystals exhibit a regular square morphology and have a uniform size distribution.The crystals growing along the（200） plane have a single crystalline structure.The electrostatic interaction and the geometrical matching between the BSA molecules and Pb2＋ ions are the main reason for the oriented growth along the（200） plane.This method provides a potential approach for growing inorganic crystals with special structural features.