中文摘要：

以超甜玉米（华威6号）、爆裂玉米（特爆2号）、糯玉米（西星黄糯6号）及普通玉米（郑单958）为材料，利用激光衍射粒度分析仪及投射电镜，分析其籽粒淀粉粒粒度分布特征。结果表明，玉米淀粉粒体积分布均为三峰曲线。粒径〈2μm淀粉粒所占的体积最小；〉15μm玉米淀粉粒所占体积较大（超甜2—15μm淀粉粒体积占的比例最大）。淀粉粒平均粒径为糯〉爆裂〉普通〉超甜。单粒重及总淀粉含量与〉2μm的淀粉粒体积百分比显著相关；其他籽粒品质与淀粉粒分布相关性不显著。普通及超甜玉米淀粉粒大多呈圆形，淀粉粒折叠的花纹多，普通玉米淀粉粒排布稀疏，脂滴含量较丰富，超甜淀粉粒分布非常松散，脂滴较少；爆裂玉米淀粉粒相互挤压成长条形或方形，淀粉粒折叠的花纹粗大，数量少，淀粉粒排布非常致密，脂滴含量非常丰富；糯玉米淀粉粒呈圆形或椭圆形，淀粉粒折叠成的花纹浅且少，淀粉粒分布致密，脂滴含量丰富。由扫描图片知，普通、超甜及糯玉米淀粉粒呈球形，普通玉米凹陷的淀粉粒数量少；糯玉米淀粉粒大小均匀，具凹陷的淀粉粒数量大；超甜玉米淀粉粒表面分布了许多网状结构，淀粉粒未见凹陷，淀粉粒及淀粉粒之间的填充物未充满整个细胞；爆裂玉米淀粉粒为多面体，有凹陷的淀粉粒极少。

英文摘要：

Maize （Zea mays L.） kernel dry weight contains about 70% starch. Many studies have focused on the effects of sowing date, variety and nitrogen top-dressing on starch granule distribution in single variety or two varieties. But starch granule size distribution in grains of different endosperm types of maize has not been clear yet. Four maize varieties including super-sweet corn （Huawei 6）, popcorn （Tebao 2）, waxy corn （Xixinghuangnuo 6） and dent corn （Zhengdan 958） were used to study the starch granule size distribution and the starch granule arrangement in grains by laser diffraction grain size analyzer, transmission electron and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that distribution of starch granules volume in grains of the maizes were changed in a triple humped curve. The volume proportion of starch granules with diameter lower than 2 I~m was the least, while that with diameter higher than 15 ~tm was the more （that with diameter from 2 to 15 ~tm in super-sweet corn grain was the most）. The average diameter showed following order： the waxy〉the pop〉the dent〉the super sweet. Correlation analysis indicated that the grain weight and starch content were significantly correlated with the volume percentage of starch granules with diameter higher than 2 ~n; while the contents of protein, amino acid, crude fat and test weight had no correlation with volume of starch granule with all size ranges. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the starch granules in grains of dent and super sweet corn were rotund mostly, with a great deal of drapes. Starch granule arrangement of dent corn was sparse, with abundant lipid droplet, while that of super sweet corn was very sparse; with rich lipid droplet. The starch granule in grains of pop corn was square and oblong, and extruded one another, with thick and skimp drapes, with was highly compact with abundant lipid droplet. The starch granule in grains of way corn was rotund and elliptic, with low and skimp drapes, compact arrangement