中文摘要：

为了改善蒙脱石与弱极性高分子聚合物的亲合性，本文采用硬脂酸（STA）改性碱性钙基膨润土，制备了硬脂酸蒙脱石（STA-MMT）。改性反应是在有机分散剂中进行，并通过回流分水使反应充分。实验采用单因素分析方法，考察了硬脂酸用量、分散剂中乙醇添加量、分散剂用量、反应时间等因素对硬脂酸蒙脱石烧失量的影响。结果表明，获得有机烧失量为36．25％产品的最佳制备工艺条件为：硬脂酸4．50g，分散剂75mL（乙醇与环己烷的体积比为1：9），碱性土5．00g，反应时间1．5h。采用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）等对产品进行了表征测试。结果显示硬脂酸根进入蒙脱石（MMT）层间后，使MMT的层间距扩大的同时，部分发生了剥离。这种剥离硬脂酸蒙脱石在乙醇溶剂中能分散到300nm。

英文摘要：

In order to improve the affinity between montmorillonite （STA-MMT） composite has been montmorillonite and weakly polar polymers, a stearic acidsynthesized by reaction of alkaline Ca-bentonite and stearic acid （STA） as raw materials. The reaction was driven to completion by azeotropic distillation of water using a carrier solvent. A single factor analysis was carried out in order to maximize the organic content of the product, by optimizing the reaction parameters such as the reaction time, the amount of stearic acid, the dosage of ethanol in the carrier solvent and the proportions and volume of solvent. The optimum conditions were found to be： 4.5 g of stearic acid, 75 mL of carrier solvent （having a volume ratio of ethanol to cyclohexane of 1：9）, 5 g of alkaline Ca-bentonite, and a reaction time of 1.5 h. Under these conditions, the organic ignition loss of the resulting product was 36.25 %. The STA-MMT was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM measurements. The results showed that the stearic acid anion was intercalated between the layers of montmorillonite and the layer spacing was expanded which led to partial delamination of the STA-MMT. The dispersibility of STA-MMT can reach a level of 300 nm in ethanol as solvent.