中文摘要：

目的本研究利用组织芯片检测BRCA1基因在人食管癌中的表达与食管癌的生长、分化和转移等临床特征的关系,期望找到BRCA1与食管癌发生、发展的关系。方法收集48例食管癌患者标本,分别取其肿瘤组织、癌前病变组织及正常组织制成组织微阵列,免疫组织化学SP法检测BRCA1蛋白的表达,分析BRCA1在各种组织的表达特点及其与肿瘤的关系。选择其中10例患者的上述组织的新鲜标本,采用Western blot检测BRCA1蛋白的表达。结果免疫组织化学结果显示,BRCA1在肿瘤组织阳性占70.50%,癌前组织阳性占43.10%,正常组织阳性占39.00%,食管癌组织与癌前病变组织、食管癌组织与正常组织相比BRCA1的表达均存在显著差异（P〈0.01）。BRCA1的表达与食管癌的病理分化有统计学上的差异（P〈0.05）。Western blot显示,BRCA1在食管癌肿瘤组织、癌前病变组织及正常组织中表达量依次降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;BRCA1在高、中、低分化程度的食管癌组织中表达量依次降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论BRCA1与食管癌发生发展有关,BRCA1的表达与食管癌的分化呈正相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the differential expression of BRCA1 gene in human esophageal carcinoma, pre-caneerous lesion and normal tissue sand to find the relationship between BRCA1 and esoph- ageal cancer. Methods This experiment collected 48 cases of esophageal carcinoma and designed a tissue microarray for immunohistochemistry, and 10 cases in 48 were chosen to detect BRCA1 protein expression by Western blot. We analysed the expression of BRCA1 protein in tumor, normal and pre-cancerous tissues, and its relationship with tumor pathological parameters. Results In 48 cases of esophageal carcinoma, the positive expression of BRCA1 was 70.50% in tumor tissues, 43.10% in pre-cancerous tissues, and 39.00% in normal tissues. There was a significant difference between carcinoma and pre-cancerous tissues, and between carcinoma and normal tissues （P〈0.01） . There was a significant correlation between the expression of BRCA1 and esophageal carcinoma differentiation （P〈0.05） . The result of Western blot showed that the expression of BRCA1 was decreased gradually from tumor tissues to pre-cancerous tissues and to normal tissues （P〈0. 05）, and also from well-differentiated to moderately differentiated and to poorly differentiated esophageal carcinoma. Conclusion The expression of BRCA1 is related to the occurrence and development of esophageal carcinoma. The expression of BRCA1 is positively related to the esophageal carcinoma differentiation.