中文摘要：

目的探讨精神分裂症精神残疾患者主要照顾者照顾负担与健康状况的关系及其影响因素。方法选取2012年9月—2014年3月于赤峰市安定医院接受门诊规律治疗并进入恢复期的精神分裂症精神残疾患者及主要照顾者各150人,并采用简单随机抽样的方法在当地健康人群中抽取健康个体150人。采用问卷方式进行横断面调查,具体包括一般情况调查表、阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、健康状况问卷（SF-36）及Zairt照顾者负担量表中文版等。照顾负担与健康状况关系分析采用相关分析,照顾负担影响因素分析采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果回收患者及主要照顾者问卷各146份（97.3%）,健康个体全部回收。精神分裂症精神残疾患者主要照顾者健康状况较差,SF-36各因子评分,尤其是情感职能、精力、精神健康因子评分均低于健康个体〔（48.86±13.26）比（68.67±19.29）、（39.35±12.13）比（50.23±19.11）、（51.27±16.96）比（65.17±21.16）分〕,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要照顾者存在轻度及以上照顾负担者111人（76.0%）,且照顾负担与健康状况呈负相关（r=-0.92,P〈0.01）。患者因素中,患者住院次数、年龄、精神病性症状（阳性症状和阴性症状）对主要照顾者照顾负担的影响有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要照顾者因素中,主要照顾者性别、学历、亲属关系、职业及婚姻状况对其照顾负担的影响有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示,主要照顾者照顾负担的影响因素为主要照顾者学历及患者阳性症状、阴性症状评分,可解释68%的方差变异。结论精神分裂症精神残疾患者主要照顾者照顾负担是影响其健康状况的重要因素,因此,在开展照顾者健康促进与维护工作时,应结合照顾者照顾负担的具体特征进行重点干预。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the relationship between care burden and health status in primary caregivers for patients with schizophrenia mental disability and its influencing factors. Methods We enrolled 150 primary caregivers and 150 corresponding patients with schizophrenia mental disability who received regular clinic treatment in Anding Hospital of Chifeng and were in recovery from September 2012 to March 2014. By using simple randomized sampling method,150 healthy people were selected from local healthy population. A cross- sectional survey was made using questionnaires including general information questionnaire,positive and negative syndrome scale（ PANSS）, short form 36 health survey questionnaire（ SF- 36） and Chinese version of Zarit caregiver burden interview（ ZBI）. Correlation relevancy analysis was carried out on the relationship between care burden and health status. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze influencing factors for care burden. Results Questionnaires were returned by 146 patients（ 97. 3%）,146 primary caregivers（ 97. 3%） and all 150 healthy people. Primary caregivers were in poor health condition,with SF- 36 score of each factor lower than healthy controls,especially the factors of emotion functions 〔（ 48. 86 ± 13. 26） vs.（ 68. 67 ± 19. 29） 〕,energy 〔（ 39. 35± 12. 13） vs.（ 50. 23 ± 19. 11） 〕 and mental health 〔（ 51. 27 ± 16. 96） vs.（ 65. 17 ± 21. 16） 〕; the differences were significant（ P 0. 05）. The number of caregivers who had light,medium and heavy burden was 111（ 76. 0%）,and highly negative correlation existed between care burden and health status（ r =- 0. 92,P 0. 01）. Among the factors of patients,times of hospitalization,age,symptoms of mental disorder（ positive symptoms and negative symptoms） had influence on the care burden of primary caregivers（ P 0. 05）. Among the factors of primary caregivers,gender,education background,relation with patients,vacation an