中文摘要：

精神分裂症为一种高致残、慢性、难治性疾病，是引发精神残疾的主要原因。本文综述了精神残疾评估的工具及影响精神残疾的危险因素，以期为精神卫生医务人员完善精神分裂症患者精神残疾干预的实践及研究提供参考。

英文摘要：

Schizophrenia is chronic and dififcult controlling diseases with high crippling rate, which is the main reason to cause the mental disability. This article summarized the assessment methods and risk factors of mental disability. To provide the reference to clinical staff for perfect the interventions.