中文摘要：

近年来,城市宜居性建设已成为世界各国城市规划建设共同关注的热点。本文构建了城市宜居性评价指标体系,运用层次分析法和德尔菲法相结合的方法对中国4个直辖市、26个省会城市与4个宜居性较突出的城市在2006-2011年时间段内的城市宜居性建设进行评价研究,并进行各地区主要城市宜居性分析。结果表明：深圳市、北京市、上海市的综合指数与其他城市差距较大,对地区城市整体宜居性示范带动性强;中国主要城市宜居性综合指标质量地域差异显著,呈现出与经济发展水平相似的从东部到中、西部依次递减的地带性空间分布特征以及南高北低的分布状况;各宜居要素的地域分异与综合指数分异并不相似,呈现出不同的地域分异特点;各地区主要城市宜居性在不同的宜居要素方面各具特色。

英文摘要：

This paper establishes an evaluation system of urban livability with 5 first-level indexes as standard, in- cluding safety level, comfort level, happiness level, convenient level and development level, and 6 second-level in- dexes, 18 third-level indexes, 38 fourth-level indexes. With the method of AHP and Delphi, the livability of 4 mu- nicipalities directly under the central government, 26 provincial capitals and 4 prominent habitability cities between 2006 and 2011 is analyzed. The results show that the composite indexes of Shenzhen, Beijing, and Shanghai at high level and have significant advantages in all habitable elements. The regional core cities have a strong influence on the livability level of the whole region. The spatial differences of urban human habitability quality are significant, and present similar zonal spatial distribution characteristics like economic development and the zonal spatial distri- bution of habitability quality is characterized by the decreasing from the east to the west and from the south to the north. The economy is not deciding factor, but is the main factor in the differences of urban human settlement envi- ronment, and is the prerequisite of improving urban human settlement environment. Therefore, promoting the eco- nomic development and improving the urban economic strength is still the main development direction for the cities. The regional differentiation of the livable elements is not similar with composite index differentiation; presents the different regional differentiation characteristics. Cities with higher grades have not been developing comprehensively and the urban habitability in different regions has different advantages in secondary indicators level. Eastern China has comparative advantages in all aspects expect the urban security. North China has obvious advantages in science and education while the level of health leisure in southern China is highest. Each aspect of the urban livability is dis- tinctive in different district. The ecological environment, infr