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巨型射电望远镜（FAST）主动反射面结构故障诊断

ISSN号：1000-131X
期刊名称：《土木工程学报》
时间：0
分类：TU312.3[建筑科学—结构工程] TU351[建筑科学—结构工程]
作者机构：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150090, [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东威海264209
相关基金：国家自然科学基金跨学科交叉重点项目（10433020）、国家自然科学基金天文联合基金项目（10778615）

关键词：巨型射电望远镜, 故障诊断, 非参数检验, 模式搜索, FAST, fault diagnosis , nonparametric test , pattern search

中文摘要：

研究分析500m口径球冠状巨型射电望远镜（Five—hundred—meter Aperture Sphericalradio Telescope，简称FAST）主动反射面结构故障诊断问题。深入分析结构特点，论证FAST索网结构是一个准静力结构以及结构故障的局域性，并结合FAST望远镜工作特点，确定结构故障的基本模式。提出基于索应力监测和变位节点坐标监测的故障诊断方法：监测结构“热点应力”，针对基准态和工作态，设置不同判定准则，直接诊断结构关键部位；监测索网变位节点坐标，计算其与理论值的偏差序列，针对客观存在、无法消除的有限元理论模型误差和测量误差，提出采用Walsh非参数检验方法并结合节点不平衡力的快速计算，实时检验是否存在故障以及可能的故障点区域，实现望远镜工作的安全实时预警，提出采用模式搜索算法，以故障点区域单元为诊断对象，以实际监测和理论计算的结构响应趋于一致为目标，诊断结构故障的具体类型和程度。数值模拟计算结果表明上述结构故障诊断方法适用于FAST主动反射面结构，是有效且切实可行的方法。

英文摘要：

Fault diagnosis of a cable-net structure supporting the active reflector of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope （FAST） was studied. Through in-depth analysis of structural characteristics, it was demonstrated that the cable-net structure of FAST is a quasi-static structure and the faults are local, and the fundamental modes of structural faults were subsequently determined with FAST telescope work features. The structural fault diagnosis was studied based on monitoring of cable stresses and coordinates of shift nodes. By monitoring structural ＂ hot-spot stresses＂, the key structural elements were directly diagnosed by setting different criterions according to the benchmark status and the working status. By monitoring node coordinates, the deviation sequence with computational results was calculated. Against the inevitable errors of finite element model analysis and actual measurement, Walsh nonparametric test of the sequence and rapid computation of the unbalanced nodal forces were proposed to diagnose possible regional fault points for early-warning of real time structural safety, and subsequently, a pattern search method was proposed to diagnose specific modes and degree of structural faults by taking nearby elements as the diagnostic objects and the minimal deviation between measured and computational structural responses as the diagnostic target. The numerical simulation results show that the fault diagnosis method can be applied to FAST cable-net structure, and is effective and practical.

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