中文摘要：

采用真实努力实验方法,研究锦标赛结构、阶段性绩效信息反馈与无意识启动三方面因素对代理人行为的影响。结果发现：第一,较之于2/3的获胜比例,获胜比例为1/3的锦标赛结构可以提高代理人的努力水平,降低其拆台水平,为委托人创造更多的利益。第二,阶段性绩效信息反馈虽然不能有效地提高代理人的努力水平,但是可以降低代理人的拆台水平,此时代理人的绩效产出更高。第三,当获胜比例为1/3时,上一轮排名最高的代理人在下一轮会遭受更猛烈的拆台;而在获胜比例为2/3时,上一轮排名靠后的代理人会受到更多的拆台。第四,正向的无意识启动并不能有效减少代理人的拆台行为,但是负向的无意识启动会显著地增加代理人的拆台行为。

英文摘要：

We study the effects of tournament structure, interim performance feedback and unconscious priming on agents＇ behavior in real-effort experiments. The main findings in- elude： First, the tournament structure of 1/3 winning ratio can urge agents to improve the level of effort and reduce sabotage level, and thus create more benefit for principals. Second, interim information feedback cannot improve the effort level of agents effectively, but it can reduce sabotage level of agents. So the agents achieve better performance under the condition of interim information feedback. Third, in the case of 1/3 winning ratio, agents ranked top in the last round suffer more sabotage in the next round. However, in the ease of 2/3, the low- ranking agents in last round suffer more sabotage in the next round. Fourth, positive uncon- scious priming cannot reduce sabotage effectively, but negative unconscious priming can sig- nificantly increase the agents＇ sabotage behavior.