中文摘要：

氧还原催化剂及缓慢的阴极氧还原动力学是制约低温燃料电池商业化的关键瓶颈因素之一. 非贵金属氧还原催化剂是近年来低温燃料电池最受关注的研究热点之一.在简要介绍燃料电池及氧还原反应机理的基础上,详细地综述了近年来低温燃料电池用3d过渡金属基氧还原催化剂的主要研究进展,包括过渡金属大环化合物、过渡金属-氮/ 碳类化合物、过渡金属硫族化合物和过渡金属氧化物,总结了提高催化活性和稳定性、降低催化剂制备成本以及催化剂制备工艺等方面所取得的研究结果,并指出了各类催化剂目前尚待解决的问题和发展方向.

英文摘要：

The electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction（ORR） and the slow cathodic oxygen reduction reaction are the key bottleneck for the commercialization of low temperature fuel cell. Inrecent years,non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction have gained particular interest inthe research on low temperature fuel cells. In this paper research progress on 3d transition metalbasedelectrocatalysts, including transition-metal macrocyclic compound tran sitio n metal-nitrogen/carbon compound and transitional-metal chalcogenide and transitional-metal oxide for the oxygenelectrode have been systematically reviewed in addition to a brief introduction of the reactionmechanism of ORR at cathode electrode and FCs. Research findings on how to improve the activityand durability of the catalysts, reduce costs of preparing catalysts, and to develop novel nonpreciousmetal catalystsare were summarized. Problems were to be solved and the future ofelectrocatalyst were pointed out as well.