中文摘要：

以天津市和广州市532名大学生为被试，采用半开放式问卷，采用团体测试的方式，研究了他们对竞争的认识，并对这种认识进行了理论分析。研究结果发现：（1）大学生由竞争一词最易联想到“激烈”、“残酷”、“公平或不公平”、“压力或动力”等内容；（2）大学生认为竞争存在的领域从高到低依次是商业与市场经济、就业与工作、比赛与体育运动、学习与考试、国家与社会等；（3）大学生认为竞争是“激烈”、“残酷”、“对抗”等；（4）大学生认为竞争的主要作用是动力、压力和机遇或挑战；（5）大学生对竞争性质的认识存在显著的性别差异和地区差异。

英文摘要：

About 532 undergraduates from Tianjin and Guangzhou were surveyed with semi-opened questionnaires and group testing to explore and theoretically analyse their understanding of competition. The results show： （1） the word of competition easily associated undergraduates with ＂ severity＂, ＂cruelty＂, ＂fair and unfair＂ and ＂stress or impetus＂; （2） The domains in which competition existed were believed to be, in order of unportance, commerce and market economy, employment and job, game and athletic sports, study and examination, nation and society; （3） undergraduates thought of competition as ＂ severity cruelty confront＂ etc; （4） The functions of competition were thought to be impetus, stress, opportunity or challenge. （5） Significant differences of their understanding were found in genders and areas.