中文摘要：

“活性”，控制自由基聚合（CRP）可用于合成具有精确结构和窄分子量分布的聚合物。乳液聚合具有环保、经济、易控的优点，但乳液体系为多相体系，控制试剂的相间分配和迁移较均相系统复杂，这使乳液“活性”／控制自由基聚合面临一些挑战，诸如控制聚合特征差、乳液稳定性下降等。本文介绍了近年来乳液体系中的原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）和可逆加成．断裂链转移聚合（RAFT）的研究进展，包括体系的特性、面临的挑战、解决的方法，以及工程与商业运用的前景和需要解决的问题。

英文摘要：

Controlled/living radical polymerlzation（CRP） provides a route to synthesize polymers with designed mierostrueture and narrow weight distribution. Emulsion polymerization has the advantages of environmentally benign, low cost and high controllability. However, as a heterogeneous system, phase partitioning and transport of the controlling agent between phases in emulsion are more complicated than those in homogeneous system. As a result, adaptation of CRP in emulsion system poses several challenges, such as poor living character and instability of latex. In this paper,research progress of ATRP and RAFT in emulsion is introduced, along with character of the system, outstanding challenges, solutions obtained, and future perspectives and obstacles in commercial and engineering aspects.