中文摘要：

采用常规压片法对不同花序类型、不同花色的14个切花菊品种进行了核形态学研究.结果表明：（1）间期核均为复杂染色中心型,前期染色体属于中间型.（2）体细胞染色体在品种内和品种间均呈现多数目性,染色体数变动范围在48～56之间,以54条为主.（3）核型呈现多样性,由中部、近中部和近端部着丝粒染色体组成,‘神马’、‘小红娘’、‘九月黄’和‘小菊双色’有1或2条随体染色体;染色体相对长度为2.04%～5.26%;核型不对称系数为62.39%～67.32%;‘长紫’、‘意大利红’、‘小红娘’和‘阿里格斯’核型类型为＂2B＂,其它品种为＂2A＂型.（4）有丝分裂后期和末期除‘清露’外均正常.基于观察结果分析了切花菊核型多样性及进化趋势.

英文摘要：

　Fourteen cultivars of cut chrysanthemum（Dendranthema×grandiflorum）were karyomorphologically studied by conventional pressed slice method. The results showed that：（1）The interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes of all cultivars were found to be of the complex chromocenter type and the interstitial type respectively.（2）The somatic chromosomes showed polysomaty whether within or among cultivars. The range of chromosome numbers was from 48 to 56, and 54 was preponderant.（3）Karyotype was diverse and consisted of metacentric, submetacentric and acrocentric chromosomes.Cultivars of‘Shenma’,‘Xiaohongniang’,‘Jiuyuehuang’,‘Xiaoju Shuangse’possessed 1 or 2 satellites. The relative length of chromosome varies from 2. 04% to 5.26% , asymmetry index was between 62.39% and 67.32%. The karyotype type of‘Changzi’,‘Italy Red’,‘Xiaohongniang’,‘Aligesi’belonged to＂2B＂, the others belonged to＂2A＂.（4）All the cuhivars were normal divided in anaphase and telophase besides‘Qinglu’. In addition, karyotype diversity and evolutional trend in cut chrysanthemums were discussed bases on results.