中文摘要：

隐性听力损失是一种症状十分隐匿的阈上听觉感知功能缺陷，仅表现为噪声环境中言语识别率下降，临床上常规听力阈值检查无法发现，因此往往未引起重视。本文着重从耳蜗传入通路三个重要环节（包括内毛细胞、内毛细胞与螺旋神经节之间的突触和突触后传入通路）的障碍，耳蜗谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环障碍和耳蜗传出系统（包括外侧橄榄耳蜗束与耳蜗传入突触复合体形成的第三突触和内侧橄榄耳蜗束）的障碍来阐述隐性听力损失的发病机制和主客观听力学表现，从而为临床早期诊断隐性听力损失提供可靠的参考依据,并为隐性听力损失的早期干预提供理论和实验依据。

英文摘要：

Hidden hearing loss is a suprathreshold auditory perceptual deficits which only manifests as deterioratingspeech recognition in noise,and is usually not identified by routine clinical hearing threshold tests and thus often undetected.This article describes the pathogenesis and auditory performance in hidden hearing loss,focusing on impairmentof three important parts of the cochlear afferent pathway,i.e.synapses between outer and inner hair cells and spiralganglion cells and postsynaptic afferent pathways;cochlear glutamate-glutamine cycles;and the cochlear efferent system,including lateral olivocochlear bundles and cochlear afferent synaptic complex formation of the third synaptic andmedial olivocochlear bundles,in order to provide an evidence based basis for early diagnosis of hidden hearing loss,andtheoretical and experimental bases for early intervention in hidden hearing loss.