中文摘要：

总结了近年来对RE-Mg-Ni系超点阵合金晶体结构、储氢性能、热处理改性以及失效机制等方面的研究进展。作为继AB5型合金之后的新一代镍氢电池负极材料,该系合金在电化学容量和高倍放电能力（HRD）等方面具有更大的潜力。通过合理的元素替代和热处理能够显著改善RE-Mg-Ni合金的储氢性能,但在高容量和大倍率放电能力的前提下保证合金具有优良的循环稳定性仍是该系合金开发的关键。RE-Mg-Ni体系中存在多种化合物相,随成分和制备工艺的不同,RE-Mg-Ni合金呈现复杂的多相组织。合理调控组织结构是改善合金放电性能和循环稳定性的重要途径。提高RE-Mg-Ni合金循环稳定性的关键在于抑制合金充放电过程中的粉化、腐蚀以及吸放氢循环过程中的氢致非晶化。

英文摘要：

The research progress in the crystal structure,hydrogen absorption/desorption performances,heat treatment,and degradation mechanisms of RE-Mg-Ni based alloys over the past decade were summarized. As the new generation of negative electrode material for Ni-MH battery,RE-Mg-Ni based superlattice hydrogen storage alloys were of great interest for investigations recently because of the excellent potential of discharge capacity and high-rate dischargeability（ HRD） compared with the traditional AB5 type alloys. Though the hydrogen storage performances could be significantly improved by means of reasonable element substitution and heat treatment,comprehensive properties including the discharge capacity,high-rate dischargeability and long-term cycling stability still needed to be modified for the RE-Mg-Ni alloys. Various phase structures existed in this system,and complex microstructure presented with the change of the chemical composition and preparation process,which was considered to be the key factor for the modification of the hydrogen storage properties. In addition,inhibition of pulverization,corrosion and hydrogen induced amorphization during repeated charge /discharge process was believed to be the significant points for the improvment of the cycling stability of the RE-Mg-Ni alloys.