中文摘要：

服务业具有知识密集和高附加值特征，很多发展中国家正在谋划从工业主导经济向服务主导经济的转变。然而，美国等发达国家却在实施“再工业化”战略，这种逆向产业调整战略似乎不符合产业结构的变迁规律．并与中国的“去工业化”进程产生冲突。本文以制造业和服务业的交互外部性为切入点，通过理论研究、模型解析，以及实证数据的论证．指出中国之所以推进“去工业化”．是因为中国服务业发展滞后，特别是生产性服务业尤其落后．以致服务业对制造业带动作用较弱，致使中国经济增长呈现放缓特征。因此，中国需要大力发展服务业，尤其是生产性服务业。以助推中国攀升全球价值链高端。美国之所以实施“再工业化”．是因为美国产业发展过度“去工业化”．限制了依赖于已有高级生产性服务业的先进制造业发展．这又使得美国服务业的发展缺少先进制造业的需求拉动．以致美国经济增长出现下滑。因此．从表象上看中美两国的产业结构调整方向似乎形成了冲突：但究其本质。两国都在纠正经济发展中的产业结构失衡问题，寻求制造业与服务业的协调共生发展．以借助两产业的交互外部性．实现经济的稳健增长。

英文摘要：

Because the service industry with a knowledge-intensive and high value-added features, most emerging countries are planning the transition from industrial-oriented economy to service-oriented economy. However, the United States and other developed countries implement the strategy of the re-industrialization. The strategy of reverse-industrial adjustment does not seem to conform to the law of the change of industrial structure, and it conflicts with the process of the de-industrialization in China. In this paper, we take the interactive externalities characteristics of the manufacturing and service industry as a entry point and through the theoretical research, the model resolution and a demonstration of the empirical data, we pointed out that the reason for China to promote the de-industrialization is that China＇s service industry lags behind especially the productive service industry, leading to the weak leading role of the manufacturing to the service industry and the characteristics of China＇s economic growth slowdown. Therefore, China needs to greatly develop the service industry especially the productive service industry to boost China＇s rising high-end of the global value chain. The reason for the United States to promote the re-industrialization is the American excessive development of the de-industrialization, which results in the lack of boosting and supporting of the manufacturing of the service industry development and the decline of economic growth.