中文摘要：

人类表皮生长因子受体-2（HER-2/neu）是乳腺癌重要的预后和HER-2靶向药物治疗的预测指标，准确检测乳腺癌患者的HER-2状态对临床诊疗具有重要意义。目前美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）和美国病理医师学会（CAP）推荐免疫组织化学（IHC）、荧光原位杂交（FISH）和亮视野原位杂交（BISH）3种HER-2检测方法。虽存在各自的优势和不足，但在少数情况下仍无法检测部分患者HER-2的状态。银增强原位杂交（SISH）、多重连接探针扩增技术（MLPA）、定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（Q-RT-PCR）和RNA原位杂交（RNA-ISH）等新的检测方法也不断应用到HER-2检测中，因其自身的独特优势，满足了部分患者的HER-2检测需求，因而有很好的临床应用前景。本文将对这些技术的特点及其优势和存在的不足进行综述。

英文摘要：

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER-2/neu） is an important prognostic predictor and the key predictor of anti-HER-2 therapy of breast cancer. Accurate testing of HER-2 status for breast cancer patients is important in clinical practice. As of this writing, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists recommend three methods for HER-2 detection, namely, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and bright-field in situ hybridization. The abovementioned methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. New methods, such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and RNA in situ hybridization, are currently applied to detect HER-2 status. New technologies not only make up for the shortcomings of routine methods but also have unique benefits that can meet the demands for HER-2 testing of some breast cancer patients. Thus, these methods are promising for clinical applications and can improve clinical diagnosis and treatment. The characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of these technologies are introduced and reviewed in this paper.