中文摘要：

在激光送丝熔覆中，由于金属丝材为刚性输送，可避免送粉带来的问题，同时具有容易实现精确控制、送料速度快、精度高、材料利用率几乎为100％、节能环保及相对成本低等优点，送丝熔覆被认为具有极大发展空间。为了获得连续平整的单道熔覆层表面质量，采用“光束中空、光内送丝”的新工艺对304不锈钢丝激光熔覆的工艺进行了实验研究。分析了激光离焦量、送丝速度及线能量（激光功率与扫描速度的比值）对单道熔覆层质量的影响规律。实验结果表明：随送丝速度及线能量的增大，熔覆层表面质量先变好后变差；在一定的激光负离焦范围内，能够获得到表面质量良好的单道熔覆层。为激光送丝熔覆方式下成形实体零件的工艺提供基础。

英文摘要：

Using wire feeding can aviod some problems brought by powder feeding in laser cladding due to rigid wire. Meantime there are advantages for example the precise control easy to realize, fast feeding speed, high accuracy, the almost 100% material utilization rate, energy conservation environmental protection and relative low cost. The method of wire feeding can be thought to have great development space. To obtain the continuous and smooth surface quality of single-trace, the process experiments are investigated in laser cladding of stainless steel 304 adopting the new technology of ＂hollow laser beam and interal wire feeding＂. The influence rules of laser defocusing distance, wire feeding speed and linear energy （the ratio of laser power and scanning speed） on the cladding layer quality of single-trace are analyzed. The experimental results show that the cladding layer surface quality are first better then worse; the good surface quality of single-trace cladding layer can be obtained in the range of laser negative distance. The process basis is provided for solid parts forming in laser cladding with wire feeding.