中文摘要：

表观遗传学是功能基因组学的重要组成部分，它实际上是研究理化、生物等环境因素以及饮食习惯等对遗传因素的作用，并由这一作用引起DNA序列以外的遗传物质改变．鼻咽癌是我国南方常见恶性肿瘤，具有明显的家族聚集倾向，存在基因组不稳定性，易受理化、生物等环境因素的影响，是多基因遗传性肿瘤．鼻咽癌这种独特病因体系提示：鼻咽癌是研究肿瘤表观遗传修饰的最佳模型之一．主要从DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重构和非编码RNA的调控4方面对鼻咽癌表观遗传学研究进展进行综述并针对性地提出了一些新的建议，目的是为进一步探究鼻咽癌表观遗传学发病机制，更好地全面理解鼻咽癌的病因发病机制网络体系，寻找鼻咽癌高危易感人群的筛查、早期诊断、治疗、预后判断的表观遗传修饰分子标志物开辟新的前景．

英文摘要：

Epigenetics is the important component of functional genomics. It can be defined as the study of the interplay between environment and genetics, and the study of the heritable change that is not strictly dependent on DNA sequence. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） is the common malignant tumor in south China. As a polygenetic inheritance tumor, NPC has the characteristic of obvious tendency of familial aggregation, possesses genomic instability, and is vulnerable to physical, chemical and biological carcinogenic factors. This specific etiological system of NPC refers that it is one of the best model for studying cancer epigenetics. The main point of this review focuses on the progress of studying on the effects of DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA regulation on the pathologenesis of NPC, and suggests future directions to thoroughly explore the epigenetic pathologenesis of NPC. Moreover, it will open a new prerequisite foundation for finding the epigenetic molecular marks for screening the high-risk susceptibility population, early diagnosis, treatment and prognostic indentification of NPC.