中文摘要：

可塑性是指由后天经验引发的脑与神经系统的持久性变化。近二十年来，神经科学开始关注沉思训练对脑可塑性的影响。大量实验证据显示，沉思训练会使练习者的大脑产生结构性与功能性的变化，而且不同类型的沉思训练影响大脑可塑性的神经机制各不相同。本文阐述了沉思训练的类型、内涵与目的，介绍并分析了与之有关的脑可塑性研究，反思并前瞻了当前研究中存在的问题及其发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Plasticity refers to the persistent changes of brain and nerve system , w hich is triggered by acquired experience . In the past two decades , neural scientists have been paying attention to the impact of contemplative training on brain plasticity . An increasingly number of experimental evidence has shown that structural and functional changes would occur in the brain of comtemplators because of contemplative training . In particular , different contemplative trainings of denominations have different neuromechanisms ,which may influence the brain＇s plasticity . This paper elaborates different paradigms and connotation of contemplative training as well as its ultimate purpose . On this basis , we provide the related neuroscience researches , reflect on the problems existing in present studies , and propose the future research direction in this field .