中文摘要：

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是老年人群常见的神经变性疾病,多以记忆力损害为首发症状,逐渐出现进行性认知功能受损和精神行为症状,对家庭和社会带来沉重的经济和照护负担。AD早期症状不明显,待诊断明确后的治疗效果差,因此,早期诊断尤为重要。研究发现,AD患者可出现视觉障碍,但尚无流行病学数据。目前AD的治疗包括非药物及药物等综合手段,AD伴发视觉障碍的治疗尚需研究。本文主要介绍AD视觉障碍的临床症状、发生机制、检测及评价手段,包括光学相干体层扫描、视觉诱发电位、视网膜微血管检查及神经影像学,以对AD患者的视觉障碍进行全面评价,寻找特异、敏感及简便的AD评估手段,为AD的早期诊断及早期干预提供依据。

英文摘要：

The Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is a common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly population with the memory impairment as the initial symptom, gradually followed by the progressive cognitive impairment and the behavioral and psychological symptoms, with heavy economic and care burdens to both family and society. The early symptoms of the AD are not obvious, which causes the poor therapeutic effect after diagnosis, thus early diagnosis is particularly important. Increasing investigations identified the visual impairment in the AD patients, but with no epidemiological data of the AD accompanied with the visual impairment. This paper mainly focuses on the clinical symptoms, the mechanism, the detection and the evaluation approaches of the visual impairment, including the optical coherence tomography, the visual evoked potential, the retinal microvascular examination and the neuroimaging so as to systemically assess the visual impairment, explore the specific, sensitive and simple methods of evaluation of the AD and provide evidence for early diagnosis and intervention of the AD. Comprehensive management of the AD includes non-drug intervention and drug therapy, however, the treatment of the visual impairment in the AD is an important issue.