中文摘要：

水是干旱区绿洲农业发展的生命线，发展节水型农业成为目前干旱区农业发展的当务之急。位于塔里木河上游的阿克苏地区，是新疆重要的绿洲农业区和主要的粮食、棉花和瓜果基地。对目前的农业种植结构进行调整优化，达到节水和增效的目的，具有重要的现实意义。本文以拜城县为例，通过构建线性规划数学模型，在水资源约束下，进行了作物种植结构的调整和优化，调整后的种植结构能使有限的水资源发挥最大的经济效益，基本符合新疆绿洲区农业种植结构调整的需要，为制定科学合理的农作物种植结构发展方案提供依据。

英文摘要：

Water resources are lifeline of oasis agriculture development in arid region. The development of water- saving agriculture is the key for present arid agriculture development. This research has introduced planting structure of oasis agriculture in akesu region. Akesu region, lies on the upstream of Tarim River, is an important oasis agriculture region, the base of food, cotton and fruits in Xinjiang. Adjusting the present structure of agriculture planting in Akesu to save water and increase the efficiency, is very important in Akesu, Taking Baieheng County for example, this research established the line--programming model based on the water resources. Through this adjustment, the limited water resources can exert better economy benefits in the planting yield. This adjustment accords with the principle of planting adjustment in Xinjiang oasis agriculture. This paper provides a rational scientific basis for crop planting structure.