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中文摘要：
研究混凝土粗集料与砂浆在宏观尺度上的界面特性，并采用砂浆中的砂粒与粗集料的平均间距（简称界面平均间距）进行表征.结合雅砻江锦屏大坝集料品种，研究了球形和片状2种粗集料形状、2组粗集料尺寸，以及粉煤灰和石灰石粉的2个掺量（10%，20%）对界面平均间距的影响.结果表明，采用界面区砂粒与粗集料的平均间距能较好地反映界面区的宏观离析和均质性，测量使用也较简便.对于球形集料，大、小集料上方与下方的界面平均间距无显著差异，表明界面较均匀，离析不明显；而对于片状集料，随着尺寸增大，上、下方的界面平均间距的差异增大，表明大的片状集料下方产生了明显的离析.研究结果还表明，采用粉煤灰或石灰石粉部分等质量取代水泥，可以改善片状集料下方浆体的离析.
英文摘要：
The interfacial characteristics between coarse aggregates and mortar matrix are studied and characterized by the average distance between sand and coarse aggregates （briefly, average interfacial distance）. The effects of the coarse aggregates with different shapes （ sphere and patch） and sizes, as well as the fly ash and limestone powder on the interfacial average distance are investigated. Results show that the method of measuring the average interfacial distance can not only better reflect the homogeneity of interfacial transition zone （ITZ） but also be used simply and conveniently. The sphere aggregates with different sizes have similar average interfacial distances, which demonstrates that the interfaces are uniform. While for the patch ones, the differences of the average interfacial distances above and below the coarse aggregate become obvious with the increase of the size of aggregates, which demonstrates that significant bleeding appears at the downside of coarse aggregates. The research also shows that the addition of limestone powder or fly ash can improve the bleeding.
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