中文摘要：

随着气候变化及其极端气候事件的频繁出现，对抗击干旱灾害的决策服务能力和管理水平提出了更高要求。在介绍干旱研究的背景、干旱基本状况及其分类的基础上，系统总结了国内外水文干旱指标及干旱预警等级的研究成果。分析了我国水文干旱研究存在的不足，以及将来可能的研究方向，建立了以反映机理分布式水文模型为主的一主多辅综合性水文干旱指标。分析表明，建立以旱限水位为干旱预警的全国干旱预警体系是今后的发展方向。

英文摘要：

With the climate change and frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, high demands required for decision - making service and management ability in drought fighting are proposed. By introducing the research background, basic condition and its classification of drought, the research progress of hydrological drought index and drought warning level at home and abroad are systematically summarized. The development and possible direction of hydrological drought index research are discussed on the basis of summarizing the weakness of drought index research in China. It is pointed out that comprehensive hydrological drought index mainly based on distributed hydrological model with other models as supplement, and the national drought warning system with drought limit water level as drought warning level are the future development direction for drought research.