中文摘要：

随着基因工程和纳米技术的发展,病毒的材料学应用潜能逐渐彰显.根据材料科学的观点,病毒可被看作有机纳米颗粒,其大小、形态以及表面的功能基团的数量和性质都是经过精确定义的.由于具有合适的大小、形状和明确的化学结构,病毒可被用作材料组装的纳米量级模板,调节无机材料、金属材料、磁性材料、半导体材料等的生长和成型.本文主要以丝状结构的M13噬菌体和球状结构的豇豆花叶病毒为例,阐述病毒作为模板在纳米导线、纳米电池、晶体管、存储器电路等领域的应用进展.

英文摘要：

Current trends in genetic engineering and nanotechnology have made the application of viruses very promising for the field of material sciences.For material scientists,viruses can be regarded as organic nanoparticles.The size and shape of viruses,and the number and nature of the functional groups on their surfaces,are precisely defined.Because of their size,shape,and well-defined chemical structures,viruses have been used as templates for organizing materials on the nanoscale level.The M13 bacteriophage and cowpea mosaic virus are two major viruses that have been widely used as nano-templates.Using these two viruses as examples,applications of viruses as nano-templates for nanowires,batteries,transistors and digital memory devices are reviewed in this paper.