中文摘要：

目的检测开空调机前后室内空气中及空调机滤网灰尘中尘螨主要变应原的浓度,探讨空调机滤网中的尘螨变应原与哮喘发病的关系。方法采集开空调机前后哮喘患者和健康者家庭卧室空气中的灰尘及空调滤网灰尘,分别用ELISA检测其粉尘螨1组变应原（Derf1）、屋尘螨1组变应原（Derp1）和尘螨2组变应原（Der2）的浓度。结果哮喘患者家庭空调开机前空气中Derp1、Derf1和Der2的浓度分别为（0.23±0.13）、（2.62±1.08）和（0.93±0.41）ng/m3,开机后依次为（0.56±0.25）、（4.74±1.22）和（2.33±0.64）ng/m3,开机前后相比,三者浓度差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;健康者家庭空调开机前空气中Derp1、Derf1和Der2的浓度分别为（0.33±0.11）、（11.5±3.08）和（2.1±0.8）ng/m3,开机后分别为（0.63±0.23）、（19.8±4.3）和（3.6±1.0）ng/m3,开机前后相比,三者浓度差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。空调滤网灰尘中Derp1、Derf1和Der2的浓度,哮喘患者家庭分别为（0.52±0.19）、（3.34±0.63）和（2.53±0.65）μg/g灰尘,健康者家庭分别为（1.30±0.35）、（5.16±0.92）和（3.47±1.13）μg/g灰尘。空调滤网灰尘中尘螨主要变应原浓度,健康者家庭和哮喘患者家庭的Derf1和Der2浓度均大于使过敏人群致敏的尘螨主要变应原浓度阈值2μg/g灰尘。结论空调滤网灰尘中存在尘螨抗原,是室内尘螨变应原的重要来源之一,是引起过敏性哮喘的诱因之一。

英文摘要：

　Objective To detect mite allergens in the dust of air conditioner filter-net and floating air in room. Methods Samples were collected from rooms of asthma patient and normal families with or without air conditioner. Der p 1,Der f 1 and Der 2 were determined by two monoclonal antibody-based ELISA. Results In asthma patient families,the concentration of airborne Der p 1,Der f 1 and Der 2 was （0.23 ± 0.13）,（2.62 ± 1.08）,（0.93 ± 0.41） ng/m3,and （0.56 ± 0.25）,（4.74 ± 1.22）,（2.33 ± 0.64） ng/m3 respectively before and after the air conditioner switched on,all showing a significant difference （P〈0.05）. In families without asthma patient,the concentration of Der p 1、 Der f 1 and Der 2 was （0.33 ± 0.11）,（11.50 ± 3.08） and （2.10 ± 0.80） ng/m3,and （0.63 ± 0.23）,（19.80 ± 4.30） and （3.60 ± 1.00） ng/m3 respectively before and after the air conditioner switched on,also showing a significant difference （P〈0.05）. From the filter-net dust of air conditioner in family with allergic asthma patient,the concentration of Der p 1,Der f 1 and Der 2 was （0.52 ± 0.19）,（3.34 ± 0.63）,（2.53 ± 0.65） μg/g dust,while that of normal families was （1.30 ± 0.35）,（5.16 ± 0.92）,（3.47 ± 1.13） μg/g dust respectively. The concentration of Der f 1 and Der 2 at both asthma families and normal families was higher than 2 μg/g,an allergen concentration threshold. Conclusion Mite allergens exist in the filter-net dust of air conditioner,which may be an important source of indoor allergens and a cause of the increasing prevalence of allergic asthma.