中文摘要：

通过结构调整实现经济增长方式的转型是新时期中国经济实现可持续增长的关键。按照科学发展观的思想，转型成功的核心在于科学地认识我国经济结构演进的机制，而这必须基于对我国经济环境约束条件的清晰认识，以及以此为前提的科学逻辑分析。据此，文章从中国城乡和地区的经济双重二元性现实出发，通过构造一个跨部门和地区的一般均衡模型，对中国结构调整的市场实现机制进行了全面考察。文章认为，中国的结构调整可以通过城乡和地区在要素与产品等方面的结构性互动实现，而其具体的实现机制是地区与城乡非均衡所带来的套利机会，政府的作用在于在尊重这种规律的基础上，着力于解决市场失灵问题。

英文摘要：

The realization of the transition of economic growth mode by structural adjustment is the key to sustainable economic growth in China in new era. According to the view of scientific development, the success of the transition depends on the scientific recognition of the evolution mechanism of China＇s economic structure which is based on the clear understanding of the constraints of economic environment in China and scientific logic analysis. Accordingly, based on the urban-rural economic dual binary nature in China, this paper employs a cross-sector and cross-region general equilibrium model to analyze the market realization mechanism of structural adjustment in China. It believes that structural adjustment in China is mainly realized by urban-rural structural interaction of elements, products and so on, and the specific realization mechanism is the arbitrage opportunity caused by the urban-rural imbalance governments should focus their attention on addressing market failure on the basis of a respect for this rule.