中文摘要：

资本水平的估算历来备受关注，文章将人力资本纳入社会总资本范畴，视物质资本和人力资本为社会总资本的两个分量，以现有物质资本估算技术为基础，遵循物质资本与人力资本在估算思路、前提假设、计算依据等方面一致可比的原则，系统讨论了资本估算各技术环节的处理，有效解决了人力资本折旧确定问题、人力资本投资价格指数编制问题，从而形成了基于总资本框架的物质资本和人力资本水平估算的整体方案。基于该方案，文章就中国1995—2005年间社会总资本存量水平做了实证估算，全面反映了计算期中国总资本数量、结构、分布以及动态趋势等方面的信息。

英文摘要：

The measurement of capital is widely under attention. Based on the method of physical capital estimation, this paper discusses the estimating techniques of human and physical capital stock, which are both components of total capital. According to the comparability on theory, assumption and basis between physical capital and human capital, human capital depreciation is confirmed, then human investment price index is designed, and finally the measuring system of total capital is put forward. Following the system, the quantity, structure, distribution and dynamic characteristics of total capital in China from 1995 to 2005 are also demonstrated in this paper.