中文摘要：

[目的]了解艾滋病综合防治示范区内高危人群的艾滋病相关知识及行为状况。为进一步开展有针对性的行为干预提供依据。[方法]采用概率或非概率抽样法抽取示范区内既往有偿献血员、暗娼、吸毒者、性病门诊就诊者共计3872人，使用结构化阀卷，由受过统一培训的调查员进行单独面访。[结果]4类人群艾滋病知识总体知晓率均高于70％，但对主要传播途径、非传播途径和防治知识不同类别的知识回答正确率不同；电视等大众媒介是各类人群实际接受和期望获得知识的主要途径；高危人群每次使用安全套的频率均不高，如暗娼与非商业性固定性伴发生性关系时使用率仅7．8％；性病门诊就诊者与非婚性伴发生性关系时使用率仅3．8％。[结论]示范区内高危人群艾滋病相关知识知晓率较高，但对不同类别知识的掌握程度不同；电视是示范区各类人群获取知识的最主要来源；高危人群安全套使用率不高，应从单纯关注高危人群的知识了解转变为促进其行为改变。

英文摘要：

[Objective] To explore HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and behaviors among four high risk population （paid blood donors, commercial sex workers, drug users and STD clinic clients） in China CARE sites of Anhui province, and provide evidence for future intervention. [ Methods ] All of these population were interviewed by trained local CDC staffs using structured questionnaire. [ Results ] A total of 3872 respondents were interviewed and their responses to HIV/AIDS-related knowledge questions were all above 70.0% correct, but the percentage of correct answers about prevention methods, transmission and non-transmission routes were different. The most frequently referred to sources of HIV information were TV. All the four groups had a low frequency of condom use. 7.8% sex workers used condoms every time during sex with long-term sex partners, while 3.8% STD clinic clients used condoms every time during sex with non-married partners. [ Conclusion] Education should emphasize non-transmission routes and prevention knowledge, and we should make full use of mass media in education. All of the high risk population have a low frequency of condom use, which indicates that education should be changed from knowledge dissemination to behavior modification.