中文摘要：

[目的]了解安徽农村已婚育龄妇女婚姻质量状况与生殖健康相关知识现状，探讨两者之间的关系，为进一步做好农村妇女保健工作提供依据。[方法]运用Olson量表修改形成的婚姻质量量表，通过方便整群抽样的方法抽取安徽3县3个乡镇的农村已婚育龄妇女，由经过培训的调查员对其进行入户面访。[结果]共收集有效问卷1221份．应答率为87.3％。育龄妇女对生殖健康知识的总知晓率为44.99％，其中性卫生、安全套、生育和性病知识的知晓率分别为74．02％、48．76％、41．11％和20．56％。婚姻质量的各个维度与知识的掌握情况存在不同程度的关联，尤以夫妻交流、解决冲突的方式、性生活、角色平等等因子与知识掌握情况的相关性强。但知识与婚姻质量的关联性有随文化程度升高而减弱的趋势。生殖健康相关知识与婚姻质量存在相关关系。[结论]妇女的生殖健康不单纯是生物学问题，也与婚姻质量等多因素有关联。干预工作中应进一步研究和运用。

英文摘要：

[Objective] On the basis of knowing the status of marital quality and related knowledge on reproductive health among rural women at child-bearing age in Anhui, to explore their relationships and provide bases for health care. [Methods ] Married women were drawn from three counties in Anhui province using convenience cluster sampling. Olson marital quality＇ scale was used in collecting data. The questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers at the responders＇ households. The data were analyzed via SPSS statistical analysis software mainly using descriptive and linear correlation analysis. [ Results] A total of 1 221 women were interviewed accounting for a response rate of 87.3%. Their responses to reproductive health-related knowledge questions were 44.99% correct. The percentage of correct answers about sex hygiene, condom, maternity and STD were 74.02%, 48.76%, 41.11% and 20.56% respectively. [Conclusion] Reproductive health of women is not only a biological problem, but also involve many factors such as marital quality. This provides new clues for behavior intervention and further exploration.