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横断山脉中西部降水的季节演变特征

ISSN号：0577-6619
期刊名称：气象学报
时间：2013.8.15
页码：643-651
分类：P463.213[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029, [2]中国气象局,北京100081, [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049, [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081
相关基金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2010CB951900）、国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金项目（41221064）
相关项目：东亚副热带季风变异机理

关键词：横断山脉, 降水, 季节演变, Hengduan Mountain Precipitation Seasonal evolution

中文摘要：

利用台站观测逐日降水资料,对横断山脉中西部地区的降水季节演变特征进行了分析,发现该地区降水具有独特的季节变化特征：雨季开始早,从第10候前后降水开始迅速增加,至第19候前后就达到第1个峰值;雨季时间长,从第10候前后雨季开始,至第60候雨季结束,雨季持续长达8个月;多峰值特征明显,雨季先后经历3个降水峰值,分别在第19、35、55候前后.通过再分析资料对这一地区风场的季节变化进行分析发现,这些降水的季节演变特征与这一地区独特地形下风场季节演变密不可分.雨季开始早与第10候起低层西风、南风迅速加强,特别是西风加强有关;第2、3个降水峰值则与西南风,特小,降水主要受西风系统影响,与西风系统的季节变化密切相关;而第2、3个降水峰值分别发生在西太平洋副热带高压西伸、东退进程中,位势高度场东高西低,降水主要受西南风控制,并伴有南风辐合,与南风的季节变化相关.别是经向南风增强有关.对3个降水峰值时刻的环流背景进行了分析,第1个降水峰值发生时,位势高度东西方向水平差异

英文摘要：

Using the station rain gauge data, the seasonal evolution of precipitation over the central western part of the Hengduan Mountain has been analyzed.Characteristics of the seasonal evolution over this region arc unique.Firstly, the rainy season starts early; rainfalls over this region greatly increase from Pentad 10 and get the first maximum at Pentad 19.Secondly, the rainy season lasts long, which covers the period from Pentad 10 to Pentad 60,for about eight months.Thirdly, the rainy scason has three peaks, which occurs at Pentad 19,35 and 55.Icy investigating the rcanalysis data, the seasonal rainfall evolution is found to be closely linked to the wind fields.The first peak of the rainy season can be attributed to the enhanced westerly and southerly,especially the westerly.The second and third peaks of the rainy season arc linked to the southwesterly, especially its south wind components.When the rainfall gets the first peak,the gcopotential height at 500 hPa is characterized by the little tonal difference.The variation of rainfall system is greatly influenced by the westerly.The second（third） peak is associated with the western extension （eastern retreat） of subtropical high,when the gcopotential height at 500 hPa shows negative tonal gradient.In these two periods, the middle troposphere over this region is controlled by the southwesterly and the rainfall systerns arc greatly influenced by the southerly.