中文摘要：

目的 ：探讨间充质祖细胞（Mesenchymal progenitor cell,MPC）源性神经元样细胞移植于靶肌肉内延缓失神经性骨骼肌萎缩。方法 ：取GFP转基因C57小鼠后肢长骨进行MPC培养、诱导及鉴定。选取C57小鼠36只,随机分为MPC移植组、神经断离组及对照组,MPC移植组腓肠肌内散点注入5μL MPC悬液,神经断离组腓肠肌对应部位散点注入等量PBS,对照组不作处理。观察小鼠后肢活动能力,术后2和4周测量腓肠肌湿重、肌纤维横截面积维持率及观察超微结构,用Western blot检测α-actin、MHC及RT-PCR检测Myogenin。Myo D的表达。结果：术后2和4周,MPC移植组腓肠肌湿重及肌纤维横截面积维持率显著高于神经断离组（P〈0.01）;术后4周,MPC移植组肌细胞核、线粒体、内质网的退变及肌肉纤维化程度明显低于神经断离组,α-actin、MHC、Myogenin、Myo D表达强度显著高于神经断离组（P〈0.01）。结论：异体间充质祖细胞靶肌肉内移植可有效延缓失神经肌肉萎缩,为临床上周围神经损伤后肌肉萎缩的防治提供了新的思路和方法。

英文摘要：

Objective：To study the delaying denervated skeletal muscle atrophy after transplantation of neuron-like cells from mesenchymal progenitor cell （MPC） into the target muscle. Methods：MPC were isolated from bones of hind limbs of GFP transgenic C57 mice for cultivation ,induction ,and identification. 36 C57 mice were divided into 3 groups evenly in random, MPC transplantation group, the transected group and the control group. 5μL of MPC suspension and 5μL of Phosphate buffered saline （PBS） were injected into the gastrocnemius in the MPC transplantation group and the transected group respectively while nothing was injected in the control group. The activity ability of hind limbs of mice were observed. At the time point of 2 and 4 weeks after the operation, the retain ratio of wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle and cross sectional area of muscle fiber was measured and the ultrastructural organization was observed. The expression ofα-actin, myoglobulin （MHC） were detected by western blot and the expression of Myogenin and MyoD were detected by RT-PCR. Results：At the time point of 2 and 4 weeks after the operation, the wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle and the retain ratio of cross sectional area of muscle fiber of mice of the MPC transplantation group was higher than that of the transected group significantly （P 〈 0.01）. At the time point of 4 weeks after the operation,compared with the degeneration of myocyte, mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum and the extent of musculus fibrosis of the transected group, that of the MPC transplantation group were lower significantly while compared with the the expression of α-actin, MHC, Myogenin and MyoD of the transected group, that of the MPC transplantation group were higher significantly （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion：The transplantation in vivo of allogenic mesenchymal progenitor cells is effective for delaying denervated muscle atrophy,providing a new approach to prevent and treat the denervated muscle atrophy clinically.