中文摘要：

隧道裂缝的补强与控制必须依靠确定的裂缝原因分析,其中纵向裂缝相对于其他两种走向的裂缝危害性更大,其开裂成因分析也显得至关重要。根据已有的关于隧道纵向裂缝成因分析的文献资料,建立隧道衬砌结构纵向裂缝统计样本与成因变量的列联表并对其进行矩阵规范化处理,最后基于对应分析模型进行R型和Q型因子分析。若前2维惯量累积解释百分比P2≥75%,二维条件下分析主成因满足收敛性要求,否则需要通过剔除特殊点法对其收敛性改进。纵向裂缝主成因根据所绘制的因子轴平面图上的样本点与变量点之间的接近程度确定。分析结果表明,隧道衬砌纵向开裂主成因包括冻胀作用、地下水影响、高地压、衬砌背后空洞以及偏压等;具体隧道衬砌纵向开裂主成因需采取一定调查和检测手段来确定。

英文摘要：

For tunnel crack, the strengthening treatment and control measures must be on the basis that the reasons for the crack have been made clear. Because the longitudinal crack is much more harmful to the structure than either of the cracks in other two directions is, the reason analysis of longitudinal crack becomes particularly important. In this thesis, by taking advantage of the existing data and information about the reason analysis of longitudinal crack of tunnel lining structure, a contingency table was established between the statistical samples and the reason variables of the longitudinal crack of tunnel lining structure; subsequently the contingency table was normalized with matrix method; and finally the analysis of the R-factor and Q-factor was carried out based on correspondence analysis model. During the analysis, if the percentage of the inertia accumulated by the first two dimensions could reach to P2≥ 75% , the analysis of the main reasons under the condition of two dimensions would be regarded as meeting the requirement of astringency; otherwise, the astringency should be improved by means of removing the singular points; and eventually, the main reasons for longitudinal crack could be determined according to the closeness degree between the sample spot and the variable spot which were drawn on the plane graph with the factor axle. As a result, this analysis makes it clear that the main reasons for longitudinal crack of tunnel lining usually include the frost heave action, the ground water effect, the high ground pressure, the void behind the lining, the eccentric compression and so on. Therefore, it is suggested that the relevant survey and detection measures should be adopted so as to ascertain the detailed reason for a specific longitudinal crack of tunnel lining.