中文摘要：

为揭示泛素/26S蛋白酶体降解途径中3个关键基因与小麦生理型雄性不育花药败育的关系,以新型化学杂交剂SQ-1为诱导剂,小麦（Triticum aestivum）西农1376和西农2611为材料,构建了2对不同纯合基因型的不育和可育等生理系,用Reverse transcription-PCR（RT-PCR）技术,分析了Urm1（ubiquitin-related modifier1）、泛素（ubiquitin）融合基因S27a和一个F-boxprotein基因在生理型雄性不育和可育花药中的表达模式。结果表明,小麦生理型雄性败育过程中,Urm1基因在两个品种不育花药中不同时期均显著上调表达,而泛素（ubiquitin）融合基因S27a在西农2611不育花药不同时期显著上调表达,但在西农1376不育花药中表达量比对照增加不明显;所研究的F-boxprotein在两个不同品种正常花药中呈低丰度表达,而在不育花药的主要败育时期,即单核后期到二核期,表达量极显著上调甚至特异表达,具有明显的瞬时表达性。据此表明,所研究的基因Urm1和F-box protein的极显著上调表达与化学杂交诱导的生理型雄性不育密切相关,是小麦生理型雄性不育花粉发生败育的促进因子。

英文摘要：

In order to reveal the relationship between three key genes related to ubiquitin-26S proteasome pathway （UPP） and physiological male sterility of wheat（Triticum aestivum）,the pure lines of Xinong 1376 and Xinong 2611 with different genetic background were employed to develop two pairs of near-isogenic physiological lines by new Chemical hybrid agents （CHA） SQ-1,and RT-PCR technique was performed to obtain the expression patterns of the three key genes in sterile and fertile anthers at different development stages.The results showed that the transcripts abundance of gene Urm1 （ubiquitin-related modifier 1）in sterile anther significantly increased compared to that in fertile anther for both Xinong1376 and Xinong2611 at different developmental stages;the transcripts abundance of ubiquitin fusion gene S27a increased obviously only in sterile anther of Xinong2611,but increased slightly in sterile anther of Xinong 1376,at all development stage in comparison with fertile anther;the F-box protein in sterile anthers of the two varieties was clearly up-regulated expressed,even specially expressed at key abortion periods of pollen,mononucleated anaphase stage to binucleated stage,but that was expressed weakly in both fertile and sterile anther at mononucleated prophase stage and trinucleated stage.Hereby,it is proved that the transcripts of the three genes in the sterile anthers studied in the paper and increased in transcript abundance are closely related to aborted pollen,and the genes are the promoters for pollen abortion of wheat physiological male sterility induced by CHA SQ-1.