中文摘要：

为了揭示小麦生理型雄性不育败育过程与交替氧化酶（AOX1）基因表达的关系,利用荧光定量技术分析了小麦交替氧化酶基因家族AOX1基因（AOX1a和AOX1c）在K型遗传型不育系[ms（Kots）-90-110]、K型不育系和恢复系杂交后经多代回交选育的可育系（BC5F1）以及杀雄剂SQ-1诱导的BC5F1小麦生理型雄性不育系的旗叶和花药（单核期、二核期、三核期）中的表达情况。结果表明,AOX1a基因在供试可育系（BC5F1）和遗传型不育系[ms（Kots）-90-110]中的表达规律一致,都表现为旗叶中的表达量较少,花药单核期表达量最高,二核期和三核期表达量下降;SQ-1诱导的生理型不育系中AOX1a基因在旗叶中表达量也最少,花药单核期表达量最高,二核期表达量减少,但三核期略呈上升;与其他2个材料相比较,生理型不育系的单核期AOX1a基因的表达量极显著增加,二核期极显著降低。AOX1c基因在3个材料各时期的表达规律一致,都表现为先升后降;但在表达量上,可育系与生理型不育系各时期的表达量两者几乎没有差异,遗传型不育系中的单核期表达量极显著低于可育系和生理型不育系。推测,AOX1a基因在生理型不育系单核期和二核期的异常表达,可能影响了花药发育过程中抗氰呼吸途径,导致呼吸代谢紊乱,引起花药败育;AOX1c基因没有参与生理型不育的代谢调节。

英文摘要：

To reveal the relationships between male sterility process and AOX1 expression pattern of AOX1 gene（AOX1a and AOX1c）,their expression in flag leaf and anther during uninucleate,binucleate and trinucleate stages of K type genetical male sterility（ms（Kots）-90-110）,fertility BC5F1 from K type genetical male sterility hybridization with restorer line and successive backcrossing and physiological male sterility induced by Chemical hybridizing Agent SQ-1 were analyzed via real-time PCR.The results showed that the expression levels of AOX1a in fertile plants were consistent with that in genetic sterile lines,they reached the lowest in flag leaf,reached the highest at uninucleate stage and then decreased in anthers at binucleate and trinucleate stage;while for the physiological male sterility,they were the same as in fertile plants and genetic sterile lines,it expressed the lowest in flag leaf and the highest in anthers at uninucleate stage,but it followed by a decrease in anthers at binucleate and then increased slightly in anthers at trinucleate stage.So compared with genetic male sterilie and fertile plants,the expression level of AOX1a in physiological sterility was significantly higher in anthers at uninucleate stage,whereas AOX1a expression was lower in anthers at the binucleate stage.The expression pattern of AOX1c among three kinds of materials were consistent in all the three materials,it was firstly up-regulated and then decreased,and there was no difference on the AOX1c expression levels between fertile plants and physiological sterility,whereas that in anthers at uninucleate stage of genetic sterility it was significantly lower than that in fertile plants and physiological sterility.Therefore,it was inferred that the abnormal expression of AOX1a in physiological sterility in anthers at the uninucleate and binucleate stages affected the cyanide resistant respiration pathway,resulted in the respiratory metabolism disturbance,and caused anther abortion.Additionally,there is no participation of AOX1c