中文摘要：

以赛亚.伯林提出了价值多样性与价值冲突理论,认为人类无法解决价值冲突而达到和谐共存,许多哲学家、政治学家都从不同角度对伯林难题作出了回应。桑德尔把伯林问题还原为有价值事物是否都可以用金钱来换算的问题或者市场是否能够解决价值冲突问题。罗尔斯给出的答案是,有些权利应当以正义制度形式给予充分保护;诺奇克则说,有些权利应当远离制度和强权干扰,无论那种干扰是多么出于公意或正义。中国改革开放取得了举世瞩目的成就,但也面临由现代化带来的系统问题,总结价值多元论难题及其解决办法,将给中国社会的全面发展提供有益启示。

英文摘要：

Isaiah Berlin proposed the theories of value pluralism and value conflict, in which he held that human beings are unable to resolve value conflict to achieve harmonious coexistence. Many philosophers and political scientists responded to Berlin＇s theory from different angles. For example, Sandel rendered Berlin＇s problem to simpler questions like whether valuable things can be measured by money or whether value conflict can be resolved by market. Rawls＂ answer was that certain rights have to be protected with just institutions, whereas Nozick maintained that certain rights ought to be kept away from the interfer- ence of institution and power, however just the interference may appear. Though China＇s reform and open- ing up have already made remarkable achievements, the country is also troubled by institutional problems connected with modernization. Therefore, a summarization of the problems of value pluralism and corre- sponding solutions will be useful for the overall development of China.