中文摘要：

以聚乙二醇（PEG）为致孔剂制备了自支撑海藻酸钙（CA）水凝胶过滤膜.通过数码照片及扫描电镜观察膜的表面形貌,探讨了膜的力学性能的压缩率、通量与压力的关系.研究了海藻酸钠浓度、致孔剂浓度对纯水通量和溶菌酶（Lyz）截留性能的影响.结果表明,海藻酸钠浓度越低,PEG浓度越高,膜的通量越大,压缩率也越大.膜通量随着跨膜压力的增加呈现先上升后稳定的趋势.Lyz和牛血清蛋白（BSA）溶液的稳定通量分别为纯水通量的89.97%和94.6%,表明海藻酸钙水凝胶过滤膜具有良好的抗蛋白质污染性能.膜对乳化油的过滤通量为纯水通量的93.04%,且截留率高达99.85%.对于不同分子量PEG的截留结果表明,当PEG分子量大于致孔剂的分子量时,截留率达到90%以上.以低分子量PEG400为致孔剂制备的水凝胶过滤膜对染料亮蓝的截留率达到99.75%,表明该水凝胶膜具有作为纳滤膜的前景.

英文摘要：

A free-standing calcium alginate （CA） hydrogel filtration membrane was prepared using polyethylene glycol （PEG） as the pore-forming agent. The surface morphology of the filtration membrane was studied through SEM and digital photos. The relationships between flux and compression ratio, mechanical behavior of the filtration membranes were studied. The effects of the concentrations of sodium alginate （SA） and polyethylene glycol on the pure water flux （PWF） and filtration properties of lysozyme （Lyz） solutions were investigated. Results showed that CA filtration membrane prepared using a low SA concentration and a high PEG concentration had a high flux and compression rate. The PWF increased with increase in the pressure initially,and then reached a stable value. The fluxes of Lyz and bovine serum albumin （BSA） solutions were 89.97% and 94.6% of the PWF,respectively,indicating that the CA filtration membrane exhibited good anti- fouling properties. The filtration performance of the membranes was also evaluated using an oil-water emulsion and the flux was 93.04% of the PWF with a rejection rate of 99.85%. The rejection of CA filtration membranes prepared with PEG of different molecular weight was characterized by rejecting solutions of PEG with different molecular weight. The results showed that the rejection of PEG with the molecular weight bigger than that of the pore-forming agent reached above 90%. Dyes rejection studies conducted that the free-standing membrane prepared with low molecular weight of PEG can achieve the rejection rate of brilliant blue G250 as high as 99.75% and can be used as a nano-filtration membrane.