中文摘要：

采用双任务实验范式，以大学生为被试。实验一探讨在前瞻记忆任务指导语之前，对靶目标充分学习，达到靶目标的预曝光，研究靶目标预曝光对基于事件的前瞻记忆的影响。实验二探讨不同曝光率的靶目标预曝光对前瞻记忆的影响。结果表明：（1）靶目标预曝光能够提高前瞻记忆的成绩；（2）靶目标预曝光率越高，前瞻记忆成绩越好；（3）靶目标预曝光能够减少注意资源的占用。

英文摘要：

Prospective memory （PM） refers to memory of executing an intended action at an appropriate point. Researchers found that divided attention would disrupt the prospective memory performance. This study controlled one possible manipulation to render PM resistant to distraction to explor the idea that sufficient exposure to the target event prior： to its being designated as such might aid detection of that target, thereby improving PM in the face of demanding ongoing activities. This research also intended to explore the lowest target pre-exposure level which could decrease the disruption of divided attention to prospective memory, and was concerned about the regular pattern of this improvement by different levels of target pre-exposure. This study included two experiments using the classical double-task PM paradigm. In Experiment 1, for some participants, we required extensive processing of the targets prior to the PM task instructions. Other participants were not exposed to the targets prior to the PM instructions. One hundred and two students were randomly chosen from a university. The design was a 2 × 2 mixed factorial one, with pre-exposure to targets （pre-exposure, no pre-exposure） varied between subjects and attentional demand during the word rating task （standard, high） varied within subjects. A separate control group had no target pre-exposure and no prospective memory task, which just performed the digit detection task with the word rating task. On the basis of Experiment 1, the Experiment 2 manipulated different levels of target pre-exposure to explore the pattern of improvement to the PM performance in an ongoing divided attention task. 130 college students were randomly chosen and divided into four groups with different target pre-exposure levels, including 100% pre-exposure group, 75% pre-exposure group, 25% pre-exposure group and no pre-exposure group. Half participants of each group accepted standard and high attentional demand conditions during the word rating task. The results of Ex