目的:采用d2注意力测验(d2 test of attention),比较注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童和正常儿童选择性注意和注意集中能力的差异,探讨该测验各项目与DSM—Ⅳ中注意涣散和多动冲动症状之间的关系。方法:23例确诊为ADHD的患儿和在年龄、受教育程度、性别、智力上相匹配的正常对照组儿童接受d2注意力测验。结果:(1)ADHD儿童在d2注意力测验的任务完成总量、任务总成绩、集中程度上得分均低于对照组[(259.7±72.8)vs(302.6±51.5),(222.4±58.3)vs(279.6±64.3),(75.4±43.1)vs(106.0±38.9);Ps〈0.05],而遗漏错误率、违规错误率、总错误率均高于对照组[27.20vs19.80;29.13vs17.87;28.22vs18.78;Ps〈0.05]。(2)d2注意力测验的任务总成绩、集中程度、总错误率、遗漏错误与DSM-Ⅳ中注意涣散症状得分存在相关(r=-0.44,-0.37,0.29,0.26;Ps〈0.01);d2注意力测验的任务总成绩、集中程度、总错误率、违规错误与多动冲动症状得分存在相关(r=-0.36,-0.38,0.30,0.30;Ps〈0.01)。结论:d2注意力测验对于ADHD儿童注意受损的临床特点具有较好的辅助诊断作用。
Objective: To explore the attention characteristics in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD ) and to exlore its relationship with symptoms of ADHD. Methods: The ADHD children met with the Fourth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-Ⅳ ) were enrolled. Twenty-three unmediated ADHD children and twenty-eight normal children matched by age, education, intelligence quotient and gender were administered the d2 test of attention. Results: In d2 test, ADHD children performed significantly worse than controis in the total number of performance, total score of performance and concentration performance [ (259. 7 ± 72. 8 ) vs. (302.6±51.5), (222.4±58.3) vs. (279.6±64.3), (75.4±43.1) vs. (106.0±38.9); Ps〈0. 05], and error percentage [ 27.20 vs. 19. 80 ; 29. 13 vs. 17.87 ; 28.22 vs. 18.78 ; Ps 〈 0.05 ] . Moreover, TN-E, con- centration performance ( CP) , error percentage ( E), percentage of errors of omissio ( E1 ) were associated with inattention symptoms of DSM-IV ( r = - 0.44, - 0. 37, 0. 29, 0. 26 ; Ps 〈 0. 01 ), while TN-E , CP, E, percentage of errors of commission ( E2 ) were associated with impulsity symptoms of DSM-Ⅳ ( r = - 0. 36, - 0. 38, 0. 30,0. 30; Ps 〈 0. 01 ) . Conclusion: The d2 test of attention may be helpful in the diagnosis for the deficit of attention in ADHD. control study