中文摘要：

目的 观察慢性乙型肝炎患者ALT高水平与HBV DNA转阴的相关性,以探讨抗病毒治疗CHB患者的时机,为更加合理应用抗病毒药物提供参考.方法 应用回顾性分析的方法,对本院就诊的HBV DNA＞1×104拷贝/ml且ALT＞800 U/L的177例CHB患者,分为未抗病毒组96例,抗病毒组81例,在4、8、12、24周,各检测1次HBV DNA、HBV标志物及ALT,随访时间为24～228周.两组间计量资料方差齐时采用t检验,率的比较采用x2检验或Fisher＇s确切概率法.结果 随访24周者,未抗病毒组71例,抗病毒组65例.24周内未抗病毒组和抗病毒组HBV DNA阴转者分别为62例（87.3%）和63例（96.9%）;8周内HBV DNA阴转者分别为56例（78.9%）和60例（92.3%）.24周内,两组HBV DNA阴转率比较,x2=0.058,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义.未抗病毒组HBV DNA≤106拷贝/ml 43例,HBV DNA＞106拷贝/ml 28例.24周内,HBV DNA≤106拷贝/ml组HBV DNA阴转41例（95.3%）,HBV DNA＞106拷贝/ml组HBV DNA阴转21例（75.0%）,HBV DNA＞106拷贝/ml的患者HBV阴转率低,两组比较,x2=0.024,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义.未抗病毒组HBeAg阴性41例,HBeAg阳性30例,24周内,HBV DNA分别阴转36例（87.8%）和26例（86.7%）,两组比较,x2=1,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义.HBeAg阳性30例中,发生HBeAg阴转10例,有4例发生在4周内.未抗病毒组71例中,HBV DNA阴转62例,有5例HBV DNA反弹（发生在24～72周）,均伴有ALT再次升高（47～140 U/L）.结论 ALT＞800 U/L的CHB患者有自发清除HBV倾向,可以考虑暂时不抗病毒治疗.HBV DNA的阴转与HBeAg状态无关,但与HBV载量相关.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the correlation between spontaneous clearance of HBV DNA and the levels of Alanine Aminotransferase （ALT） in chronic hepatitis B（CHB） patients. Methods Retrospective review analysis was used in this research. A total of 177 CHB patients with HBV DNA 〉 1×104copies/ml and ALT 〉 800 U/L were recruited in this study and were divided randomly into two groups, 84patients in control group （received lamivudine therapy） while 96 cases in study group （without anti-viral therapy）, the dynamic changes of HBV DNA and HBV markers in these two groups were compared. Results The clinical data of CHB patients were retrospected and followed up in 24 weeks. The negative conversion cases of HBV DNA are 62 （87.3%） in study group and 56 cases （78.87%） in control group at week 24, the negative conversion cases of HBV DNA are 56 （78.9%） in study group and 60 （92.3%） cases in control at