中文摘要：

通过改造MCF-30型冲蚀腐蚀试验机，建立了水、沙、气三相流冲蚀磨损试验装置；试验研究了水、沙混合流场中试样的磨损特征，通过扫描电子显微镜观测了三相流冲蚀磨损表面，并借助计算机模拟分析水、沙混合条件下产生气蚀破坏的条件．结果表明：合理的设计可以实现冲蚀与气蚀的复合磨损模拟试验；形成三相流共同作用下的冲蚀与气蚀复合磨损重要条件为介质中含有较多气体，并且在试样中有气泡溃灭．三相流磨损模拟试验与仿真为进一步开展三相流气蚀与冲蚀磨损研究奠定了基础．

英文摘要：

In three-phase flow, wear of Cavitations and Erosion significantly influences the behaviors of hydraulic turbine. Experimental simulation of three-phase flow wear is very difficult, but it is essential for the research on the wear of hydraulic turbine operating under severely muddy water circumstances in China. Hence, a tester was built for investigating the wear behaviors of cavitations erosion mode of steel specimens under the mixed flow of water, sand and air using an MCF-30 impact erosion-corrosion apparatus. SEM observation on the surface of test-pieces clearly showed wear trace due to cavitations erosion. Subsequent computer simulation of the conditions for cavitations and erosion under water, sand and air three-phase flow was performed so as to understand further mechanisms of cavitations erosion wear. Study indicates that a relatively more realistic simulation of cavitations and erosion requires feasible design of a tester considering some major attributions such as air as the medium in the flow, possible implosion of air bubble under high pressure, and so on. Experimental method and computer simulation of three-phase flow in this study have provided a fundamental for future research in cavitations and erosion.