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中文摘要：
根据Al^3＋与F^-能形成稳定的络合离子[A1F6]^3-，采用HNO_3-Al（NO_3）3溶液络合浸出包头稀土精矿中的氟元素。讨论HNO3浓度、Al（NO_3）3浓度、液固比、搅拌速度、温度和搅拌时间等工艺条件对氟浸出的影响。结果表明：在HNO_3浓度为3mol／L、Al（NO_3）3浓度为1．5mol／L、液固比（mL／g）为30：1、搅拌速度为300r／min、温度为100℃、搅拌时间为90min的条件下，稀土精矿中氟浸出率达到97．59％，从而使氟碳铈矿进入溶液中，达到与独居石分离的目的。F^-与Al^3＋的络合机理研究表明：F^-与Al^3＋能形成配位数是1～6的复杂稳定配合物，并随着氟铝比的增大，氯铝配合物向高配位方向移动。
英文摘要：
According to the reaction of Al^3＋ with F to form stable coordination ion [AlF6]^3-, HNO3-Al（NO3）3 was used as a coordination agent to leach the fluorine from Baotou rare earth concentrate. The effects of different parameters including HNO3 concentration, Al（NO3）3 concentration, liquid to solid ratio, stirring speed, temperature and stirring time, on the leaching of fluorine element, were investigated. The results show that the fluorine leaching rate of rare earth concentrate is 97.59% when the HNO3 concentration is 3 mol/L, Al（NO3）3 concentration is 1.5 mol/L, liquid-solid ratio（mg/L） is 30：1, stirring speed is 300 r/min, temperature is 100 ℃ and stirring time is 90 min. And under this condition, the bastnaesite in the solution is separated from monazite. Besides, the coordination mechanism ofF- and Al^3＋ was studied, and the results show that 1 mol Al^3＋ can coordinate with 1-6 mol F^-, and complex moves to the direction of high coordination with the increase of fluoride concentration.
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