中文摘要：

本文基于对158个国家重点学科的问卷调查和对60个国家重点学科带头人及其团队成员的访谈，从学科研究方向、学位点、重点学科层级研究国家重点学科的生成周期；从学者数量和职称结构分析国家重点学科的组织规模；从学科发展的主导力量总结国家重点学科的生成路径；从学科生成所面临的问题归纳学科带头人和学科组织的主要工作领域。

英文摘要：

Based on the questionnaire towards 158 national key disciplines and in-depth interviews with 60 leaders of national key disciplines, the generation cycle is shown from the research direction, academic degree and key discipline; the organization scale is analyzed from the number of scholars and professional title structure; the generation path is concluded from the main strength of developing disciplines; the key fields of discipline leaders and disciplinary organizations are concluded from problems that the generation of disciplines are facing.