本文利用LatticeBoltzmannMethod方法分析了坡面水流和河道水流运动方程圣维南方程的特点,提出了流域汇流过程的LBM数值模型,此模型在汇流过程中将地貌因素与水动力扩散相结合以描述坡面水流运动,很好解决了坡面水流的流量分配问题。利用此模型生成的单位线对抚河南城流域14场洪水进行了汇流计算,结果表明所提出的汇流模型用于流域汇流计算具有较好的精度。本研究对于分析坡面水流运动、汇流机制、土壤侵蚀、泥沙输移等诸多领域,具有重要的理论意义。
This paper uses a Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to analyze the characteristics of the motion equations, i.e. Saint Venant equations, for slope flow and river flow, and presents a numerical model for watershed concentration based on this method. This model combines geomorphic factors and hydrodynamic diffusion for simulation of slope flow in the process of watershed concentration, so as to obtain an improved distribution of the slope flow. In application of the method to the Fuhe river basin, unit hydrographs for 14 floods and watershed concentration were calculated and simulated. The results show a high simulation accuracy of the new model. This study is of theoretical significance to engineering fields such as slope flow movement, watershed concentration mechanism, soil erosion, and sediment transportation.